| Solar Energy | Energy harnessed from the sun using photovoltaic cells or solar thermal systems. | Electricity generation, heating, and powering devices. | Abundant, renewable, and low environmental impact. | Intermittent energy supply and space requirement for solar panels. |
| Wind Energy | Energy generated from wind through turbines that convert kinetic energy into electricity. | Electricity generation for homes, businesses, and farms. | Clean energy source and cost-effective in suitable locations. | Dependent on wind availability and potential noise issues. |
| Hydropower | Energy produced from flowing or falling water using dams or hydropower plants. | Electricity production, irrigation, and water supply. | Reliable and consistent energy supply; low emissions. | Impact on aquatic ecosystems and potential displacement of populations. |
| Biomass Energy | Energy created from organic materials through combustion, anaerobic digestion, and fermentation. | Biofuels, electricity generation, and heating. | Reduces waste and utilizes existing materials; renewable. | Emissions from combustion and land use changes. |
| Geothermal Energy | Energy derived from the Earth's internal heat, often tapped through geothermal power plants. | Electricity generation and direct-use applications like heating buildings. | Low emissions and constant energy supply. | Geographically limited and potential land subsidence. |